1ĭweck and Leggett (1988) described mastery behaviors as “the seeking of challenging tasks and the maintenance of effective striving under failure” (p. We predict those higher in intellectual humility will behave in mastery-oriented ways so that they can become more knowledgeable and accurate. Consequently, they scan for limitations in their knowledge (Deffler, Leary, & Hoyle, 2016), are curious and motivated to learn more (Haggard et al., 2018 Krumrei-Mancuso, Haggard, Labouff, & Rowatt, 2019 Leary et al., 2017), and interact more with opposing views (Krumrei-Mancuso & Newman, 2020 Porter & Schumann, 2018).
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Those high in intellectual humility want to be informed and accurate. What determines whether someone will engage in mastery behaviors when learning? In the current investigation, we propose a role for intellectual humility, defined here as a willingness to acknowledge the current limitations of one's knowledge and value others' intellect (Porter & Schumann, 2018). A recent meta-analysis showed that mastery behaviors promote achievement in many domains, including academics, leadership, management, and health (Burnette, O'Boyle, VanEpps, Pollack, & Finkel, 2013). Mastery behaviors, such as persisting after setbacks, exerting effort, and embracing challenges, lead to effective problem solving, learning from difficult material, and higher grades in school (Blackwell, Trzesniewski, & Dweck, 2007 Diener and Dweck, 1978, Diener and Dweck, 1980 Mueller & Dweck, 1998 Yeager et al., 2016). Common sense suggests Jamie's mastery response will propel success, while Jessica's helpless one will not, and research supports this prediction. Her first, second, and third solutions are incorrect, but she continues working until she has the answer. Jamie comes across the same problem and gets to work, relishing the challenge.
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She copies the answer from the back of the textbook and moves on to the next question. Jessica comes across a difficult problem and quickly decides she cannot do it. Jessica and Jamie are doing math homework.